The first step in the mold development process—responding to a request for proposal (RFP)—requires moldmakers to import, diagnose and repair part geometry in order to assess its suitability for injection molding, develop estimates and produce a formal quote. Because moldmakers need to complete this step before even winning the business, it behooves them to accomplish this as quickly and cost-effectively as possible by using a 3-D CAD system with broad model import and geometry manipulation capabilities. Of course, the best scenario is to use the specific CAD package that most of the moldmaker’s customers use to design parts, so the mold designer can simply open the file. However, because customer parts can range from 2-D drawings and neutral file formats—such as DXF™, DWG, IGES, STEP, ACIS® and Parasolid®—to file formats that are native to specific 3-D CAD systems, using a CAD platform that can import the widest set of diverse data formats directly, or through file conversions, provides a real advantage.
Whenever a mold designer imports plastic part data, he or she will inevitably encounter model geometry that includes errors, especially when converting or translating files. While a CAD system that can automatically diagnose and repair these errors is a real plus, mold designers will frequently need to repair some models manually. In these cases, using a CAD system that offers feature recognition tools for imported geometry can be a big help.
In addition to offering capabilities for diagnosing imported geometry in states of disrepair, CAD systems that include tools for repairing geometry errors have become increasingly beneficial. For example, mold designers need the ability to remove rounds and re-trim edges after removing rounds, especially when adding draft to improperly drafted parts. Moldmakers also may encounter complex model geometry with gaps in surfaces, for which they will need advanced surfacing capabilities, such as an n-sided surface patch, which allows mold designers to fill in a surface tangent to a space defined by any number of boundaries, or the ability to pull on a point in a network of curves to modify a surface. At minimum, mold designers need access to round, draft and surfacing capabilities (e.g., sweep, loft, etc.) to handle imported models of varying degrees of complexity more efficiently.
Once a mold designer has imported and repaired part geometry, moldmakers can save additional time and reduce the volume of back-and-forth communications by using a 3-D CAD package that automates the process of creating a mold model for the part, evaluating the moldability of the part, and communicating design change recommendations to the customer, before finalizing the proposal. These kinds of capabilities can condense the time and effort required to achieve the baseline mold on which the proposal is predicated, as well as enhance the accuracy of the proposal in comparison with the final production mold.
In most cases, mold designers use the part geometry to design the cavity and core for the mold by applying a shrinkage factor to the part based on its material. Look for CAD packages that can automate the tasks typically associated with developing a mold model from the part, such as suggesting the optimal parting line based on the direction of draft within the part, rectifying areas of insufficient draft by expediting draft angle correction, and generating parting surfaces for molds, either automatically for simple molds or by providing the modeling and surfacing tools necessary for creating parting surfaces manually for complex molds. Can the CAD package conduct undercut analysis to pinpoint captive areas that may require sliders, lifters or cores? Can the designer check part wall thicknesses to address areas that are either too thick or too thin? Does the design platform automate the modeling of inserts, cores and pins, as well as the side core and lifter geometry required to extract finished parts from molds?
These capabilities can help moldmakers accelerate interrogation of the part, identification of necessary changes based on potential production issues, and development of the optimal mold to produce the part at volume. Access to design communication tools that enable moldmakers to communicate these findings to part designers quickly, inexpensively and effectively can further facilitate this process—documenting and resolving production issues prior to the actual submittal of the proposal.
The last and perhaps most time-consuming interaction between moldmakers and part designers involves customer-driven design changes that occur after acceptance of the proposal yet prior to actual production. Almost without fail, moldmakers will have worked out any moldability problems and be well on their way to cutting a production mold when the customer sends along a design change. In the past, these type of late modifications—whether emanating from an engineering change order (ECO) or a simple marketing-driven change in aesthetics—could create both delays and cost overruns because of the amount of time and effort required to update all of the mold components to address the change.
With today’s parametric 3-D CAD packages; however, mold developers can tie interrelated components together, so if the part changes, the related components—the mold components in this case—will change and update accordingly. Whenever a customer sends along a new CAD file that incorporates a required change, moldmakers can simply import the model into the original part design and use it to automatically update the mold design. This approach not only saves time and effort, but also eliminates the possibility of making costly mistakes to account for the change. Using a parametric 3-D CAD system, changes made anywhere in the process automatically update all mold models and documentation, including parts, assemblies and drawings.                         

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